Many buildings have large open lobbies that provide entry and exit points. These lobbies may have separate ventilation systems that can be enhanced to provide pressurization to prevent the entry of potentially contaminated outside air. Higher levels of air cleaning can also be provided for lobby ventilation systems to protect occupants against contaminants, thereby creating a buffer zone with respect to the rest of the building. This buffer zone may protect against outside air releases of bioweapon agents or naturally occurring biocontaminants such as fungal spores. It will also offer improved protection against indoor releases in the lobby area. Although not, by itself, a complete solution, the buffer zone concept can enhance the
level of protection for any building and effectively provide a sheltering zone under many conditions.
Defending Buildings Against Bioterrorism
by W. J. Kowalski
Engineered Systems Magazine 2002, p61-68
ImmuneBuilding Technology and Bioterrorism Defense
by W. J. Kowalski and W. P. Bahnfleth
HPAC Engineering,January 2003, v75(1), pp57-62.
Airborne Respiratory Diseases and Mechanical Systems for Control of Microbes
by W. J. Kowalski and William Bahnfleth
HPAC Engineering, July 1998, v70n7, pp34-48.
Analysis of Biological Agent Attack Scenarios
Immune Building Systems Technology
Aerobiological Engineering Handbook